The Kandy Esala Perahera, also known as the Festival of the Tooth, is one of the most significant and grandest cultural and religious events in Sri Lanka. Held annually in the city of Kandy, this vibrant procession honors the Sacred Tooth Relic of the Buddha, housed in the Sri Dalada Maligawa (Temple of the Tooth Relic). The festival, which takes place in July or August, attracts thousands of devotees and tourists from around the world. Here’s an in-depth look at this majestic event.
Historical Significance
kandy esala perahara date back to the 3rd century BCE when the Sacred Tooth Relic was brought to Sri Lanka from India. It was believed that the relic bestowed the divine right to rule the island, thus becoming a symbol of sovereignty and religious importance. The current form of the Perahera was established in the 18th century under the reign of King Kirthi Sri Rajasinghe, who incorporated elements of traditional Sinhalese pageantry with Buddhist rituals.
The Festival's Structure
The Kandy Esala Perahera is a multi-day event consisting of several processions, each more elaborate than the last. The festival typically spans ten days, divided into two main phases: the Kumbal Perahera and the Randoli Perahera.
Kumbal Perahera: The first five nights of the festival feature the Kumbal Perahera. This phase serves as a preliminary procession, allowing participants and elephants to familiarize themselves with the route. It is less grand than the Randoli Perahera but still a magnificent sight.
Randoli Perahera: The final five nights showcase the Randoli Perahera, a series of increasingly elaborate processions. The term "Randoli" refers to the palanquins used by queens in ancient times. Each night, the procession grows in splendor, culminating in the grand final night.
Key Elements of the Perahera
- The Sacred Tooth Relic: Although the actual relic remains in the temple, a replica is carried in the procession on a majestic tusker elephant, richly adorned with traditional garments and lights.
- Dancers and Drummers: The Perahera features traditional Kandyan dancers, whip-crackers, fire-dancers, and drummers, all performing to rhythmic beats and chants. Their intricate costumes and energetic performances add a dynamic and colorful dimension to the procession.
- Elephants: Decorated elephants play a central role in the Perahera. They are adorned with lavish garments, jewelry, and lights, and their presence symbolizes strength and reverence.
- Torchbearers: The procession is illuminated by torchbearers who carry flaming torches, creating a mystical and enchanting atmosphere.
The Procession Route
The procession follows a specific route through the streets of Kandy, starting and ending at the Sri Dalada Maligawa. The route is lined with spectators, both local and international, who come to witness the awe-inspiring spectacle. The city itself is transformed, with buildings and streets adorned with lights and decorations.
Religious and Cultural Significance
The Kandy Esala Perahera is not only a cultural event but also a deeply religious one. It serves as a time for devotees to pay homage to the Sacred Tooth Relic and seek blessings. The festival also features rituals and offerings at the Temple of the Tooth Relic, reflecting the deep spiritual devotion of the participants.
Visiting the Perahera
For those planning to visit the Kandy Esala Perahera, it is advisable to make arrangements well in advance, as accommodations and travel options tend to fill up quickly. Here are some tips for an enjoyable experience:
- Book Early: Secure your accommodations and transportation as early as possible.
- Dress Modestly: As a mark of respect, dress modestly, covering shoulders and knees, when attending the procession and visiting the temple.
- Arrive Early: Arrive early to find a good viewing spot along the procession route.
- Stay Hydrated: The festival takes place during Sri Lanka’s dry season, so bring water and stay hydrated.
Conclusion
The Kandy Esala Perahera is a breathtaking blend of devotion, culture, and history, offering a unique insight into Sri Lanka’s rich heritage. Whether you are a devotee or a curious traveler, witnessing the grandeur of the Perahera is an unforgettable experience that highlights the island’s vibrant traditions and spiritual depth. Plan your visit to Kandy during this festival to immerse yourself in one of Sri Lanka’s most captivating cultural celebrations.
